*Investment products are not insured by the FDIC (or any other state or federal agency), are not deposits of or guaranteed by The Bank of New York Mellon Corporation or any bank or non-bank subsidiary thereof, and are subject to investment risk, including the loss of principal amount invested.

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BNY Mellon is the corporate brand of The Bank of New York Mellon Corporation and may also be used as a generic term to reference the corporation as a whole or its various subsidiaries. Products and services may be provided under various brand names, including BNY Mellon Asset Servicing and BNY Mellon Investment Management. BNY Mellon Asset Servicing is the brand name encompassing BNY Mellon's affiliated companies that provide the services referenced in these materials. BNY Mellon Investment Management is the brand name encompassing BNY Mellon's affiliated investment management firms and global distribution companies. Products and services may be provided by various subsidiaries, affiliates, joint ventures and in some instances by third party providers of The Bank of New York Mellon Corporation where authorized and regulated as required within each jurisdiction, and may include The Bank of New York Mellon, One Wall Street, New York, New York 10286, a banking corporation organized and existing pursuant to the laws of the State of New York and operating in England through its branch at One Canada Square, London E14 5AL, England. Registered in England and Wales with FC005522 and BR000818 and authorized and regulated in the UK by the Financial Services Authority. Not all products and services are offered at all locations.

This material is for general information and reference purposes only. It is not intended to provide legal, tax, accounting or other professional advice or investment advice on any matter, and is not to be used as such. This material and the statements contained herein, are not an offer or solicitation to buy or sell any products or services mentioned. This material is not intended for distribution to, or use by, any person or entity in any jurisdiction or country in which such distribution or use would be contrary to local law or regulation. Similarly, this material may not be distributed or used for the purpose of offers or solicitations in any jurisdiction or in any circumstances in which such offers or solicitations are unlawful or not authorized, or where there would be, by virtue of such distribution, new or additional registration requirements. Persons into whose possession this document comes are required to inform themselves about and to observe any restrictions that apply to the distribution of this document in their jurisdiction. The investment products and services mentioned in this material are not insured by the FDIC (or any other state or federal agency), are not deposits of or guaranteed by any bank, and are subject to investment risk, including the loss of principal amount invested.